Scientists need to keep the pressure on governments to ensure the development of national norms to protect the public from the misuse of life science research.
Multiple approaches are needed to ensure that life science research is not used for malicious purposes.
Talking about the need for scientists to be aware of dual-use potentials is one thing; ensuring that they are is the more important step.
Framework conventions are helping to guard against climate change and to protect biological diversity. Could one help prevent the misuse of the life sciences?
Can the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention be used to educate life scientists about the potential dangers of their research? Some NGOs think so.
In developing strategies to counter the misuse of life science research, European officials are failing to take basic realities into account.
Perhaps scientists need to see the life sciences' dual-use problem in more personal terms.
Would scientists be willing to participate in bioweapons programs if they were fully aware of the consequences of their work?
States had the chance to combat the potential of novel, "nonlethal" chemical weapons, but tragically decided to wait until next time.
Treaties such as the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention should find ways to involve scientists in more meaningful ways.
The key to preventing the misuse of biological research is making scientists aware of the risks, and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences is doing just that.